The current
society lived in recent years accumulation of changes values, attitudes and practices, which are
reflected in the approaches of education and the reality of the school. Citizen
education proposes to support the development of skills and knowledge that
children need exercise their right to act active agents and constructively in
society: participate actively and responsibly in collective decisions in a
democratic manner, to resolve conflicts peacefully and respect human diversity,
among other important ones. Education for citizenship corresponds to the set of
practices and activities designed help
all people, children, youth and adults, as they actively participate in
democratic life, accepting and practicing their rights and responsibilities society.
The task the
citizens build spaces give us back the hope civil protagonism, to mobilize more
just and democratic societies, places the school as a substantive axis of formation
for citizenship. What boys and girls think of their condition as subjects of
rights in the school space? What culture does the school build as a space for
citizen education? Is the school the public space for the experience of
citizenship?
The importance and
necessity of citizen participation in education is becoming a recurring theme,
it means that we accept that education is not limited, nor the necessary
learning can limited to a specific period of a person's life. Citizen
participation in the decisions and actions of education is not a luxury option:
it is an indispensable condition, develop and transform education in the
desired directions "
In this scenario,
the need to rethink the value of the school as a space for the construction of
citizenship and the responsibility that falls to teachers, becomes an urgency
of our times, because the contingent issues of "equality versus economic
development" , protagonism versus passivity around what it means to
choose, opt, buy, are substantive elements of the citizen's exercise. The
"explosive" attention on the subject of citizenship is explained from
the current historical, political, economic and social context that draws from
the end of the last millennium the great milestones of political, economic,
technological and social transformations, which, among others, are linked with
the fall the communist regimes in Europe, the restitution of democracy in Latin
America, the hegemonic configuration of the great powers on the planet, understanding
by great powers, not only states or conglomerates of states, but commercial
transnationals , which super world powers that influence the autonomy of the
most vulnerable, weak and developing states, which merits "learning"
to live in a "new democracy", either because it was in the past, or
because there are new challenges and future that a greater of civil society
with respect to their rights and responsibilities.
The concept of
citizenship seems to integrate the demands of justice and community belonging,
which are respectively the central concept political philosophy eighties, where
the current concept accounts for the union between the idea of individual
rights and the notion with a particular community. The ethical ideological
component will always be present when referring to citizen education,
imbricated to the processes of socialization and the role that education has to
play in society, democratic , subjects of rights, their environment, ethically
responsible, recognize the other as a legitimate other, tolerant, not discriminatory
and respectful of social and cultural diversity, is citizenship training is
then transformed fundamental pillar of the quality of education. Citizenship,
Democracy and education, are thus, fundamental pillars that intertwined and
depend on each other, that is, the citizen requires democracy to become a
citizen and democracy requires citizens to not become a "pantomime"
or mask of participation; and on the other hand, education through its
curriculum should "citizenize" politics and "politicize"
citizenship. This implies, without a doubt, rescue the "encapsulated
school" from the Wall the classrooms, away from the social and personal
life, aspects that we could call the citizen formation strategies, that is, the
formation of a citizen political culture such as educational processes that
must singled out.
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